External beam radiotherapy otherwise known as teletherapy, is the most frequently used form of radiotherapy. The patient sits or lies on a couch and an external source of radiation is pointed at a particular part of the body. Kilovoltage (also known as, superficial) x-rays are used for treating skin cancer and superficial structures. Megavoltage (or deep) X-rays are used to treat deep-seated tumours (eg bladder, bowel, prostate, lung, brain).
Targeted radionuclide therapy has been found to create a favorable tumor microenvironment in prostate cancer that improves the effectiveness of immunotherapies.
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