Amino Acid is one of several molecules that join together to form proteins. There are 20 common amino acids found in proteins.
Microbes drive key processes of life on Earth. They affect global elemental cycles-;the movement of carbon, nitrogen, and other elements. They also promote plant growth and affect the development of diseases. These roles are essential in every ecosystem.
Plant growth is driven by light and supplied with energy through photosynthesis by green leaves. It is the same for roots that grow in the dark – they receive the products of photosynthesis, in particular sucrose, i.e. sugar, via the central transportation pathways of phloem.
Weed killers of the future could soon be based on failed antibiotics.
In this study, the researchers focused on para-nitro-L-phenylalanine (pN-Phe), a non-standard amino acid that is neither one of the twenty standard amino acids nor been observed in nature.
Antiretroviral cocktails can make human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, undetectable and untransmittable, but both the virus and its treatment can also accelerate aging of bone and muscle.
Molecular clocks in our cells synchronize our bodies with the cycle of night and day, cue us for sleep and waking, and drive daily cycles in virtually every aspect of our physiology. Scientists studying the molecular mechanisms of our biological clocks have now identified a key event that controls the timing of the clock.
The enzyme variations of mitochondrial enoyl-CoA hydratase short-chain 1 (ECHS1) are dysfunctional. In Japan, they are mostly responsible for mitochondrial disease.
How malaria parasites evolved to evade a major antimalarial drug has long been thought to involve only one key gene.
Genomic studies of cancer patients have revealed thousands of mutations linked to tumor development.
An artificial intelligence system facilitates robots to perform independent scientific experiments—as many as 10,000/day—possibly taking a big step ahead in the speed of discovery in fields from medicine to environmental science to agriculture.
The p53 gene is one of the most important in the human genome: the only role of the p53 protein that this gene encodes is to sense when a tumor is forming and to kill it.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have developed an artificial intelligence system that can create proteins not found in nature using generative diffusion, the same technology behind popular image-creation platforms such as DALL-E and Midjourney.
Ensuring the supply of food to the constantly growing world population and protecting the environment at the same time are often conflicting objectives.
Solving a riddle that has confounded biologists since bacterial spores -; inert, sleeping bacteria -; were first described more than 150 years ago, researchers at Harvard Medical School have discovered a new kind of cellular sensor that allows spores to detect the presence of nutrients in their environment and quickly spring back to life.
The National University of Singapore (NUS) research team has successfully 3D-printed an edible cell culture scaffold using common plant proteins, allowing for more inexpensive and sustainable lab-grown meat to be served on the table.
DeMAG is a new method that was developed by Max Planck and Harvard’s research team. It is a new technique that has been shared as an open-source web server (demag.org) to assist interpret mutations in disease genes and enhance clinical decision-making.
Researchers have discovered that if oxidative stress destroys protein factories known as ribosomes, repair crews may go in to assist in repairing the damage so that production may restart rapidly.
Collagen is the basic protein that makes up the intercellular matrix, or in other words, the environment for the connective tissue cells of our body, such as tendons, bone, and cartilage.
A recently developed amino acid compound successfully treats nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-human primates -; bringing scientists one step closer to the first human treatment for the condition that is rapidly increasing around the world, a study suggests.
Insights into gene and protein control systems that regulate the use of nitrogen by plant roots could help develop crops that require less nitrogenous fertilizers to produce acceptable yields.