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The Genetic Secret Behind Human Skull Morphology

Researchers at the Universities of Helsinki, Barcelona, and Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) have discovered a single nucleotide alteration that is crucial to the evolution of human skull morphology and influences the expression of the TBX1 gene and the formation of the skull base.

18 Apr 2024

Adhesion GPCR Mayo Plays Key Role in Midgut Development of Fruit Flies

Adhesion GPCRs belong to the large family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). There are about 700 variants in humans, which are responsible for sensory impressions, hormonal cycles, controlling the cardiovascular system and more.

18 Mar 2024

Investigating the Synaptic Imbalance in Retinal Nerve Cells

The processing of visual information is significantly influenced by the surroundings of retinal nerve cells.

6 Feb 2024

Study Uncovers Chromatin Modifier-Centered Pathway for Grain Size Regulation in Rice

Chromatin is the complex of DNA and proteins that makes up the genetic material in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

18 Jan 2024

Unraveling Stem Cell Destiny in Intestinal Organoids

Stem cells possess the remarkable ability to differentiate and replace deceased or impaired cells within the body.

27 Nov 2023

Unlocking the Mystery of N-Terminal Acetylation’s Impact on Protein Degradation

Scientists at the University of Bergen (UiB) have discovered that proteins employ a shared chemical marker as a protective shield against degradation, thereby influencing their mobility and the aging process.

30 Oct 2023

Study Uncovers New Mechanism for Plant-Microbe Communication

Microorganisms that live on or in plant tissues form what is known as a plant microbiome. This interface plays an important role in plants' survival due to the existence of beneficial microorganisms.

19 Oct 2023

Pusan National University Scientists Explore OsMATL2 Gene as a Candidate for Haploid Induction in Rice

Double haploid technology can dramatically accelerate crop breeding with specifically chosen genetic traits.

13 Sep 2023

Musashi-2 Protein Plays Key Role in Skeletal Muscle Mass and Metabolism

Investigators at Tokyo Metropolitan University have demonstrated the pivotal role of the Musashi-2 (Msi2) protein in governing mass and metabolic functions within skeletal muscle.

11 Sep 2023

The “Unknome” Dataset Contains Protein Sequences That Are Still Unknown

Researchers from the UK anticipate that a new, freely accessible database they have developed will get smaller rather than bigger over time. This is due to the fact that it is a compilation of the many understudied proteins that are encoded by genes in the human genome, whose existence is recognized but whose activities are mostly unknown.

9 Aug 2023

Glutaminase 2 Plays a Key Role in Glucose Homeostasis

Glutaminase 2 (GLS2) is a master regulator of glutaminolysis. GLS2 converts glutamine to glutamate, thereby playing a role in cellular energy production. GLS2 is abundant in the liver, and is also found in pancreatic β-cells. However, the role of GLS2 in pancreatic islets – in which both ɑ- and β- cells are present – associated with glucose metabolism is currently unknown.

6 Jul 2023

IgA Described as "Tuner" in Microbe Interaction Regulation

Throughout the world, IgA deficiency is considered to be the most common primary immune deficiency, but its presentation has continued to confuse researchers and physicians.

29 May 2023

A High-Throughput Assay for Identifying and Validating ECHS1 Enzyme Genetic Variants

The enzyme variations of mitochondrial enoyl-CoA hydratase short-chain 1 (ECHS1) are dysfunctional. In Japan, they are mostly responsible for mitochondrial disease.

19 May 2023

Research Details the Food Safety Profile of Genetically Edited Allergen-Free Eggs

Researchers have developed a chicken egg that may be safe for people with egg white allergies. Chicken egg allergies are one of the most common allergies in children.

18 May 2023

Previously Unknown Protein Reveals RNA Repair Mechanism in Humans

Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) are single-stranded molecules that are found in all living organisms’ cells. As “transcripts” of human genes, mRNAs, for instance, play a role in the translation of genetic information by bearing the instructions for the production of a protein in their own sequence.

26 Apr 2023

The Function of ANKLE1 in the Prevention of DNA Damage and Autoimmunity

The University of Hong Kong (HKU) School of Biological Sciences research team led by Dr. Gary Ying Wai Chan has uncovered the function of a unique enzyme called ANKLE1.

19 Apr 2023

New Embryonic Brain Circuit Offers New Insights on Circuit Abnormalities in Autism

Researchers have discovered an active multi-layer circuit that emerges in the cortex at an unexpectedly early stage of development using a new method for analyzing live embryonic mouse brains at single-cell resolution.

18 Apr 2023

Inhibition of p21 may be a Promising Strategy for Limiting Age-Related Inflammatory Disorders

A new research paper was published on the cover of Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 7, entitled, "p21 facilitates chronic lung inflammation via epithelial and endothelial cells."

18 Apr 2023

Novel Genes Could Serve as Predictive Biomarkers for PARP Inhibitor Response in Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer tumors harboring BRCA1/2 mutations are exceptionally sensitive to PARP inhibitors, while genomic alterations in other DNA damage response (DDR) genes are less responsive.

5 Apr 2023

KAI2-Ligand Signaling Pathway Responsible for Regulating Vegetative Reproduction in Liverwort Plants

Asexual, or vegetative, reproduction in plants is controlled by environmental conditions, but the molecular signaling pathways that control this process are poorly understood.

3 Apr 2023