Oxidative Stress is a condition in which antioxidant levels are lower than normal. Antioxidant levels are usually measured in blood plasma.
All aerobic organisms produce the molecule hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). When present in low concentrations, it acts as a crucial secondary signal to control a variety of biological processes, including but not limited to plant-microbe interactions, abiotic stress tolerance, pollen tube growth, root hair formation, leaf cell expansion, and Casparian strip formation.
The breakthrough study from the University of Sheffield’s Neuroscience Institute and Healthy Lifespan Institute offers critical new insights into the so-called junk DNA, or DNA that was previously believed to be unimportant to the coding of the genome, and how it affects neurological disorders like Motor Neuron Disease (MND) and Alzheimer’s.
A groundbreaking study from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai found that astronauts are more likely to experience mutations that could be connected to spaceflight and increase their lifetime risk of acquiring cancer and heart disease.
Researchers at the LSU Health New Orleans Neuroscience Center of Excellence have created a novel, experimental human cell line from retinal pigment epithelial cells, under the supervision of Boyd Professor Nicolas Bazan, MD, PhD.
In a paper that was just published in Science, scientists from Sweden’s Karolinska Institutet and SciLifeLab explain how they were able to enhance a protein’s capacity to repair oxidative DNA damage while also giving the protein a new role.
Age-related changes in strength and mobility may depend on genetic variations in a critical mitochondrial enzyme, suggests a study published today in eLife.
Errors present in DNA can get accumulated inside brain cells as one is aging. However, in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, these errors called somatic mutations may increase at a quicker rate.
Professor Qiuyu Zhang (Northwestern Polytechnical University), Professor Ki-Bum Lee (Rutgers University), and Professor Liang Kong (School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University) directed this research.
The body's ability to respond to various types of stress is essential for maintaining health, and failure of such adaptive stress responses can trigger or worsen numerous diseases.
The female genital tract can be a hostile environment for conception. Out of about 100 million sperm, only a few hundred make it to the fallopian tubes.
In the current study, scientists at Baylor College of Medicine identified that the cells of humans and animals that recovered from tuberculosis had prematurely aged up to 12 to 14 years.
Anti-fibrotic therapy is still a medical necessity in the treatment of chronic liver disease in humans. The anti-fibrotic activity of globin family members in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the principal cell type involved in liver fibrosis, was reported by a research group led by Professor Norifumi Kawada of Osaka Metropolitan University (OMU).
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease in which a specific type of neuron, the dopaminergic neuron, is destroyed.
A team of researchers compared lipid profiles of sperm to learn more about their vulnerability to harmful oxidation and antioxidant capacity in different species’ semen.
According to plant scientists at RIKEN, a class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs might be useful for studying the molecular processes underlying plant immunity.
An artery is not like a nose. Or is it? Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) have discovered that immune cells in arteries can "sniff" out their surroundings and cause inflammation.
According to a recent research, enhancing the expression of one gene in cells that help the brain’s neurons, shields neurons in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease.
Very few proteins in the body have a change that makes them unique compared to the corresponding proteins in Neanderthals and apes. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany and Karolinska Institute in Sweden have now studied one such protein, glutathione reductase, which protects against oxidative stress.
The Oxidative Stress and Cell Cycle Research Group at UPF has discovered a mechanism whereby cells under stress conditions stop their polarized growth. The study, published in the journal Cell Reports, was led by Elena Hidalgo and José Ayté, and the first author is Clàudia Salat-Canela.
Some studies have shown that nicotine, an addictive substance in electronic cigarettes, increases the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders.