Pharmacology is the study of how chemical substances interact with living systems. If substances have medicinal properties, they are considered pharmaceuticals. The field encompasses drug composition and properties, interactions, toxicology, therapy, and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities.
Plastic waste is one of the most significant ecological and economic problems of our time. In the journal Angewandte Chemie, a research team has now introduced a chemical–biological method for upcycling polyethylene waste: catalytic cleavage is used to make carboxylic diacids that are subsequently converted into pharmacologically useful natural products by genetically engineered fungi.
According to a new study, patients with head and neck cancer who have more chromosome 9 genetic material in their cancer cells survive three times longer after accepting immunotherapy than patients who have less of it.
An RNA-based editing tool has been developed by Duke University researchers, which targets specific cells rather than genes. Any cell type can be precisely targeted, and any protein of interest can be added only to that cell type.
Scientists from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a Zika vaccine technology that is very safe and effective in preclinical mouse models.
A developing area studies how clusters of molecules gather inside of cells, similar to how oil droplets form and separate from the water in a vinaigrette.
Tens of millions of individuals throughout the world suffer from antibiotic resistance every year. The CDC reports that more than 35,000 people die each year as a result of more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections that take place there each year.
Mitochondria are self-contained organelles that reside inside cells and are tasked with producing the chemical energy required to power vital tasks necessary for life and wellbeing. They have their own mini-chromosome and DNA.
Using cutting-edge synthetic DNA technology and genomic engineering in stem cells, scientists at New York University have created artificial Hox genes, which regulate and direct where cells go to develop tissues or organs.
Research studying the autoimmune response, in which the immune system kills the insulin-producing pancreatic islet beta cells, is a common topic of type 1 diabetes research.
For the first time, researchers have deciphered the atomic structure of a protein that transports one of the body’s most vital neurotransmitters into neurons.
Researchers at UT Southwestern have uncovered a molecular path that allows cells to detect when their lipid supplies are running low, triggering a flurry of activity that avoids starvation.
Prostate cancer that has spread to other regions of the body is commonly treated with hormone treatment, but many individuals develop resistance to it, making their disease more aggressive and potentially fatal.
A mutated gene found in more than 20% to 30% of breast cancer recurrences may help tumors become more aggressive and promote metastasis, according to a pair of new studies that uncover mechanisms behind these processes and point to new therapy targets.
Melanoma is a somewhat unusual cancer-;one that blooms before our very eyes, often on sun-exposed skin, and can quickly become deadly as it turns our own skin against us and spreads to other organs.
In new research, UT Southwestern scientists report that imaging a key immunity protein known as STING at near-atomic resolution reveals a previously undiscovered binding location that appears to be crucial for launching immunological attacks.
Almost half of the U.S. adult population has high blood pressure - or hypertension - and about 20% of these patients have treatment-resistant hypertension.
Researchers have identified a family of proteins that is significantly elevated in the saliva of patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
A simple blood test for women of all ages and risk levels could one day be possible thanks to a new set of protein biomarkers that researchers identified using breast milk.
The Food and Drug Administration recommends healthy adults not exceed 400 milligrams (mg) of caffeine-; approximately four cups of brewed coffee-; a day.
Researchers combined advanced computational methods with experimental studies to gain new insight, at the cell level, into how the plant compound formononetin might be used to treat food allergies.