Each mammalian cell contains up to 20,000 proteins, all of which must be maintained and regulated. Proteostasis is a complex pathway that functions to maintain all of the proteins within and around a cell.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcription factor with a role in maintaining oxidative stress response. It can be triggered by both redox-dependent and redox-independent pathways.
A new research paper was published on the cover of Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 10, entitled, "Stress granules sequester Alzheimer's disease-associated gene transcripts and regulate disease-related neuronal proteostasis."
Our body functioning is delicately balanced between the synthesis and breakdown of various cellular components.
When exposed to stressful conditions, several proteins tend to misfold and form aggregates inside or outside cells.
A new research paper was published on the cover of Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 6, entitled, "Cellular senescence and disrupted proteostasis induced by myotube atrophy are prevented with low-dose metformin and leucine cocktail."
A National Eye Institute-led team has identified a compound already approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that keeps light-sensitive photoreceptors alive in three models of Leber congenital amaurosis type 10 (LCA 10), an inherited retinal ciliopathy disease that often results in severe visual impairment or blindness in early childhood.
A new research paper was published in Genes & Cancer on March 10, 2023, entitled, "VCP/p97, a pleiotropic protein regulator of the DNA damage response and proteostasis, is a potential therapeutic target in KRAS-mutant pancreatic cancer."
Huntington's disease is caused by a mutation in the Huntingtin gene, a protein necessary for the proper functioning of several brain cells.
Aging leads to a decline in cellular fitness and loss of optimal protein function. Many age-related ailments, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, are caused by protein aggregation, a result of errors in protein folding.
Cells contain numerous functional “micro-organs” known as organelles. Mitochondria, the “power plant” of the cell, are the energy-producing organelles.
Proteins are the "tools" of our cells – they are essential to all vital tasks. However, they are only able to do their jobs if they fold correctly and adopt their respective, very specific 3D structure.
DNA strand breaks can play a role in the aging process. Now, with infrared spectroscopy, scientists have visualized the processes that take place at breaks.
Cellular proteostasis is regulated by a crucial proteolytic machine called proteasome via selective degradation of ubiquitylated proteins.