Type 2 diabetes, formerly called adult-onset or noninsulindependent diabetes, is the most common form of diabetes. People can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. This form of diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which fat, muscle, and liver cells do not use insulin properly. At first, the pancreas keeps up with the added demand by producing more insulin. In time, however, it loses the ability to secrete enough insulin in response to meals. People who are overweight and inactive are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Treatment includes taking diabetes medicines, making wise food choices, exercising regularly, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol, and taking aspirin daily—for some.
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are promising tools for forecasting disease risk, but current versions have bias built-in, which can reduce their accuracy in some populations and lead to health disparities.
According to a recent study of information from the Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program, there are genetic correlations between COVID-19 severity and specific medical disorders that are established risk factors for severe COVID-19.
Type 2 diabetes is connected to both genetic risk factors and diet quality; a healthy diet is related to decreasing diabetes risk at all levels of genetic risk.
All animals require proteins, carbohydrates, and fats to survive. However, dietary differences between species, populations, and individuals can be significant.
Gut microbiota by-products circulate in the bloodstream, regulating host physiological processes including immunity, metabolism and brain functions.
Researchers at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine have created RNA molecules that bind to human pancreatic beta cells, which generate insulin and are destroyed in type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients.
In a breakthrough discovery, scientists from The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio today reported that inhibiting a liver enzyme in obese mice decreased the rodents' appetite, increased energy expenditure in adipose (fat) tissues and resulted in weight loss.
A risk score based on a gene map predicted the likelihood of high blood pressure leading to heart problems or stroke in people with Type 2 diabetes, according to a study published today in the American Heart Association's peer-reviewed journal Hypertension.
High blood glucose is responsible for several complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have identified a new antidiabetic substance that preserves the activity of insulin-producing beta cells and prevents high blood glucose in mice.
Once considered to be inert, white adipose tissue is now recognized to be dynamic and to play an interactive role in a wide array of biological and metabolic processes.
According to a new study, simultaneous measurement of dozens of types of fats in the blood known as “lipidomics”, can predict the risk of type 2 diabetes.
AMSBIO reports how researchers at the Washington University School of Medicine (St. Louis, USA) have used their 10E4 Heparan Sulfate (HS) antibody in pioneering obesity research to quantify the role of HS in the process of intercellular mitochondria transfer to macrophages.
Fat tissue plays an important role in human health. However, our fat tissue loses function as we age, which can lead to type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer and other ailments.
Geneticists have revealed why some people with obesity remain relatively healthy, whilst others suffer from life-changing ailments such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
An estimated 19 million people in the U.S. live in so-called food deserts, which have lower access to healthy and nutritious food.
An artery is not like a nose. Or is it? Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI) have discovered that immune cells in arteries can "sniff" out their surroundings and cause inflammation.
A group of international scientists recently generated a new approach to identify the proteins in human cells that are crucial for increasing sugar absorption after exercise.
We are one of the most medicated generations of humans to live on our planet. Cardiometabolic diseases like type 2 diabetes, obesity, and coronary artery disease continue to increase in prevalence and together constitute the highest cause of mortality worldwide.
According to the WHO, air pollution is the greatest health risk worldwide, accounting for more than 4.2 million deaths annually.
What are the effects of eating during the nighttime instead of the daytime? New research, focused on a simulation of night shift work, may hold implications for people eating at atypical times -; like those experiencing jet lag, circadian rhythm sleep disorders, or who tend to sleep late during the weekends.