Type 2 diabetes, formerly called adult-onset or noninsulindependent diabetes, is the most common form of diabetes. People can develop type 2 diabetes at any age, even during childhood. This form of diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance, a condition in which fat, muscle, and liver cells do not use insulin properly. At first, the pancreas keeps up with the added demand by producing more insulin. In time, however, it loses the ability to secrete enough insulin in response to meals. People who are overweight and inactive are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Treatment includes taking diabetes medicines, making wise food choices, exercising regularly, controlling blood pressure and cholesterol, and taking aspirin daily—for some.
Physical activity is not only important for fitness, but also for health. This is confirmed by a new study conducted under the direction of Prof. Dr. Maximilian Kleinert at the German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE). His team discovered that the protein PanK4 plays a crucial role in the energy metabolism of skeletal muscles.
Using medical data from more than 1,200 people, specific microbiome signatures have been identified that allow precise prediction of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
Researchers from the University of Missouri are studying potential therapies to target specific cells linked to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders like high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes.
A UCLA study has outlined a new framework that researchers say would improve predictive power of genetics to determine how well a patient would respond to commonly prescribed medications as well as the severity of any side effects.
Chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes and inflammatory disorders have a huge impact on humanity. They are a leading cause of disease burden and deaths around the globe, are physically and economically taxing, and the number of people with such diseases is growing.
A genetic predisposition to having lower insulin production and less healthy fat distribution are major causes of early-onset type 2 diabetes in British Asian people.
Whether cells in the human body survive or die under stress depends, among other things, on their mitochondria.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin–Madison are cautioning that the growing use of artificial intelligence techniques in genetics and medicine may result in incorrect inferences regarding the relationship between genes and physical traits, such as risk factors for diseases like diabetes.
The cells in the human pancreas have a limit to how much stress they can withstand before degenerating.
In a recent study published in Nature Communications, researchers utilized a comprehensive multi-omics approach, integrating genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data from a diverse cohort, to uncover detailed molecular interactions and identify distinct diabetes subgroups.
Scientists at Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar (WCM-Q) have built a comprehensive molecular map of the human body and its complicated physiological processes by analyzing thousands of molecules found in 391 volunteers' blood, urine, and saliva samples.
A study reveals SGLT-2 inhibitors significantly reduce dementia risk in type 2 diabetes patients, with effects strengthening over longer treatment durations.
Stem cell transplantation offers promising solutions for tissue regeneration and age-related degeneration, despite challenges in safety and production costs.
Bifidobacterium breve supplementation in pregnant mice alters fetal brain metabolism, highlighting its role in enhancing gestational health and development.
The current research on drug candidates and molecular targets being clinically tested for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and NAFLD.
The various chemical proteomics methods with relevant examples.
The combined effect of environmental exposures and unhealthy lifestyle habits can affect children's cardiometabolic health in a way that exceeds their separate effects.
A complex condition, obesity is brought on by a confluence of factors including behavior, diet, and heredity. Getting enough food to survive and thrive was a challenge for millennia.
Carriers of gut Blastocystis, a single-celled organism that has been classified as either a parasite or harmless organism but is frequently found in the digestive system, were associated with markers of good cardiovascular health and decreased body fat in an analysis of over 50,000 people from around the world.
Genes can indirectly influence the age at which girls have their first period by accelerating weight gain in childhood, a known risk factor for early puberty, a Cambridge-led study has found.
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