Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a biologically important type of molecule that consists of a long chain of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate.
According to a recent Northwestern Medicine study, hair follicle stem cells also turn rigid with age, making it harder for them to generate hair, just like people’s joints can stiffen and become more difficult for them to move around.
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) research group, guided by Prof. Tuan Anh Nguyen, Assistant Professor of the Division of Life Science, used several advanced methods, including miRNA sequencing, pri-miRNA structure analysis, and high-throughput pri-miRNA cleavage assays for approximately 260,000 pri-miRNA sequences, to locate and thoroughly illustrate the newly identified noncanonical cleavage mechanism.
Brain cells manufacture proteins in every corner, including their long branches. Neurons missing this ability cause severe neurological disorders like disability and epilepsy.
The DNA of symbiotic creatures living within reef-building corals has been found to contain the remains of ancient RNA viruses by an international team of marine researchers.
Researchers across the world are in search of ways to combat bacteria that could evade the present arsenal of antibiotics. This is done as a measure to avoid a global health crisis.
A new research paper was published on the cover of Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 10, entitled, "Stress granules sequester Alzheimer's disease-associated gene transcripts and regulate disease-related neuronal proteostasis."
At the Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), a research group headed by Professor Zhen Shao and the collaborators plotted a high-resolution roadmap for the process of pancreatic β cell regeneration by in vivo transdifferentiation from adult acinar cells with the help of a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology.
Many of life’s secrets are hidden in the initial stages of embryonic development. Unraveling these mysteries can aid in the understanding of early development and birth abnormalities, as well as the creation of innovative regenerative medicine treatments.
The Department of Biomedical Informatics (DBMI) at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, in collaboration with the University of California San Francisco and Stanford University, has recently published a study that is the largest of its kind to focus on ancestry correlations with biomedical traits.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are immature blood cells found in the bone marrow that can be stimulated to develop into any type of blood cell.
TEs (transposable elements), particularly LTRs, are recognized to play a crucial role in defining basic genome organization and affecting functional gene expression. Insertion of TE or LTR fragments may also result in the formation of new transcription start sites (TSSs) in the host genome.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a molecular method able to detect whether or not bacteria respond to antibiotics within minutes.
A team of researchers have discovered that a mutation in a ribosomal protein found specifically in heart and skeletal muscle leads to impaired cardiac contractility in mice.
A new treatment option has been discovered for fragile X syndrome, which is the most common genetic cause of autism spectrum disorders and is defined by a hereditary repetition of certain nucleotides in the DNA sequence of the FMR1 gene. Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) carried out the study, which was published in the journal Cell.
The enzyme variations of mitochondrial enoyl-CoA hydratase short-chain 1 (ECHS1) are dysfunctional. In Japan, they are mostly responsible for mitochondrial disease.
Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body and are produced following the instructions encoded in DNA.
Researchers have developed a chicken egg that may be safe for people with egg white allergies. Chicken egg allergies are one of the most common allergies in children.
Researchers at the Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, led by Dr. Manel Esteller, have discovered a key epigenetic alteration that anticipates the clinical course of liver cancer.
A new study adds to an emerging, radically new picture of how bacterial cells continually repair faulty sections of their DNA.
Tropical oceans are typically nutrient-poor, yet they host vast biologically diverse reef ecosystems built by symbiotic cnidarians (including corals and anemones).