Physiology News and Research

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Human physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans in good health, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed. The principal level of focus of physiology is at the level of organs and systems. Most aspects of human physiology are closely homologous to corresponding aspects of animal physiology, and animal experimentation has provided much of the foundation of physiological knowledge. Anatomy and physiology are closely related fields of study: anatomy, the study of form, and physiology, the study of function, are intrinsically tied and are studied in tandem as part of a medical curriculum.

Scientists Identify TRPM4 as Key Molecular Switch Controlling Intestinal Fluid Balance

Although constipation and diarrhea may seem like opposite problems, they both hinge on the same underlying issue: how much fluid moves into the gut. These common issues affect millions of people in the U.S. each year, yet scientists have not fully understood what regulates intestinal fluid balance.

12 Jan 2026

Ancient WUS Genes and Expression Thresholds Shape Shoot Regeneration

Unlike animals, plants generate most organs after embryogenesis through stem cell–driven meristems, enabling lifelong growth and regeneration.

9 Jan 2026

New Molecules Harness Cellular Recycling to Eliminate Cancer's Immune Shield IDO1

Cells have a remarkable housekeeping system: proteins that are no longer needed, defective, or potentially harmful are labeled with a molecular "tag" and dismantled in the cellular recycling machinery.

8 Jan 2026

High-Tech Imaging Unlocks Genetic Secrets Of Nutrient-Rich Seeds

By rapidly analyzing nearly 12,000 individual seeds, the approach uncovers genetic loci that simultaneously influence seed morphology and mineral composition, opening new avenues for crop biofortification and safer food production.

7 Jan 2026

Gut Microbiome Plays a Direct Role in Shaping Brain Function and Evolution

A groundbreaking new study reveals that changes to the gut microbiome can change the way the brain works.

6 Jan 2026

Base-Pair Resolution Benchmark Uncovers Structural Variation Complexity in Tomato Genomes

Structural variations (SVs), including insertions, deletions, inversions, and substitutions, can profoundly influence gene regulation and phenotype.

2 Jan 2026

Computational Brain Model Predicts Errors, Uncovers Previously Unseen Neurons

A new computational model of the brain based closely on its biology and physiology not only learned a simple visual category learning task exactly as well as lab animals, but even enabled the discovery of counterintuitive activity by a group of neurons that researchers working with animals to perform the same task had not noticed in their data before, said a team of scientists at Dartmouth College, MIT, and the State University of New York at Stony Brook.

30 Dec 2025

Calcium Signaling Suppresses Lignin Accumulation in Pear Stone Cells

Stone cells arise from lignified secondary cell walls and cause a gritty texture, reduced sweetness, and poor flavor in many pear cultivars.

23 Dec 2025

Foreign RsMYB28 Allele Boosts Glucosinolate Accumulation in Rapeseed

These bioactive compounds, found primarily in Brassicaceae plants, play crucial roles in plant defense, contribute to distinctive food flavors, and have potential health benefits, including cancer prevention.

23 Dec 2025

IPENS Enables Rapid Label-Free 3D Plant Phenotyping

By combining radiance-field reconstruction with SAM2 segmentation, IPENS enables users to obtain precise organ-level geometry from ordinary multi-view images using only a few prompts.

18 Dec 2025

Binocular Multispectral Stereo Imaging Enables High-Resolution Plant Phenotyping

The system enables pixel-level alignment between shape and spectral data, allowing detailed visualization of traits like chlorophyll distribution across plant surfaces.

17 Dec 2025

CNSA Advances Open Biological Data Infrastructure at Petabyte Scale

Advances in sequencing technologies have transformed life science research, enabling multi-layered exploration of biological systems across species, tissues, and developmental stages.

15 Dec 2025

Changes in the Activity of KCC2 Protein Influence Reward Learning

A new finding from researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center shows that the learning process of associating cues with rewards can be altered by increased or decreased activity of a specific protein in the brain.

11 Dec 2025

Circular Single-Stranded DNA Molecule Can Simultaneously Silence Multiple MicroRNAs

Professor Dongsheng Liu of Tsinghua University, Professor Ziyang Hao of Capital Medical University, and Researcher Yuanchen Dong of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have collaborated to develop a circular single-stranded DNA molecule capable of simultaneously silencing multiple miRNAs.

4 Dec 2025

Single-Cell RNA Imaging Uncovers Four Distinct Neuron Bands in the Hippocampus

Researchers at the Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute (Stevens INI) at the Keck School of Medicine of USC have identified a previously unknown pattern of organization in one of the brain's most important areas for learning and memory.

4 Dec 2025