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Deep Sea Foraminifera Species Unveil Secrets of Life in Extreme Environments

Most life on Earth relies on the sun's energy for survival, but what about organisms in the deep sea that live beyond the reach of its rays? A new study led by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI), published in The ISME Journal, sheds light on how a species of foraminifera, single-celled organisms found in almost all marine habitats, thrives in a dark, oxygen-free environment.

17 Jan 2025

Oxygen Sensor Protein Offers Solution for Enhancing Nitrogen Fixation in Plants

A small helper for big tasks: an oxygen sensor protein protects the enzymatic machinery of biological nitrogen fixation from serious damage.

17 Jan 2025

Epigenetic Mechanism Controls Placental Blood Vessel Formation

If the development of blood vessels in the placenta is impaired, fetal growth retardation may result. Scientists from the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and the Mannheim Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University discovered that the correct development of functioning blood vessels in the mouse placenta is controlled epigenetically: One of the enzymes that modify gene activity using methyl groups is responsible.

16 Jan 2025

Scientists Uncover Key Plant Metabolite to Block Biofilm Development

If your teeth have ever felt fuzzy after skipping a brushing, you've encountered biofilm-a slimy bacterial layer that clings to surfaces. In medical settings, biofilms make infections harder to treat when they form protective shields for bacteria on devices like catheters and implants.

13 Jan 2025

New Insights into How Nitrogenase Enzyme Survives Oxygen Exposure

Nitrogen is an essential component in the production of amino acids and nucleic acids - both necessary for cell growth and function.

9 Jan 2025

Unique CO₂-Concentrating Mechanism Drives the Future of Sustainable Agriculture

Researchers have been exploring methods to enhance the ability of plants to convert carbon dioxide (CO₂) into biomass, a process that could increase crop yields and contribute to climate change mitigation.

7 Jan 2025

Discovery of ALAS1's Secret Role Could Boost Cancer Therapy Development

In everyday life, when things turn out the opposite of what you expect, it's usually cause for frustration. In science, it's often the starting point for discovery.

23 Dec 2024

Overactive Chemoreceptors Affect Cardiovascular and Metabolic Consequences of Type 2 Diabetes

Researchers from the University of Missouri are studying potential therapies to target specific cells linked to the development of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders like high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes.

20 Dec 2024

Marine Microalgae Use Light Sensors to Navigate the Ocean

Ocean-dwelling phytoplankton is known to be essential to marine ecosystems and climate regulation.

19 Dec 2024

New Insights into Photosystem II Megacomplex Assembly in Plants

In higher plants and green algae, Photosystem II (PSII) usually combines with Light Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) to form the PSII-LHCII supercomplex.

18 Dec 2024

Space Experiment Reveals Surprising Brain Cell Behavior

Microgravity exposure accelerates brain cell development in organoids, revealing potential implications for neurodegenerative disease research and space health.

18 Dec 2024

BOOSTER Gene: Unlocking New Potential in Photosynthesis and Crop Productivity

The BOOSTER gene enhances photosynthesis in plants, improving efficiency and productivity under varying light conditions, crucial for agricultural advancements.

17 Dec 2024

Study Reveals Mechanism Behind T Cells' Cancer-Killing Power in Hypoxia

Immune checkpoint blockades, or ICBs, have revolutionized treatment for various advanced cancers. However, their effectiveness has plateaued due to therapeutic resistance that renders tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, or TILs, ineffective.

16 Dec 2024

Real-Time Imaging Reveals the Dynamics of Microbial Colonization in the Gut

A research team led by Carnegie Science's Will Ludington, Karina Gutiérrez-García, and Kevin Aumiller has identified genes that allow a beneficial bacterial species to colonize specific areas of the gastrointestinal tract.

12 Dec 2024

Evolution of Chloroplasts from Energy Providers to Carbon Fixers

Endosymbiosis, the process by which one organism engulfed another and integrated its DNA and functions into itself rather than ingesting it, was one of the most significant events in the history of life.

11 Dec 2024

Lice as Models for Studying Mitochondrial Disorders

A set of genes that in humans would suggest a late-stage degenerative disease like Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s disease are present in lice throughout their lives.

10 Dec 2024

Novel Approach to Monitor ER-Related Protein Quality Control

Protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells found in plants, animals, and fungi involves more than just the straightforward ribosome assembly of amino acids.

9 Dec 2024

ENOD93 Linked to Mitochondrial Function and Nitrogen Efficiency in Plants

The protein ENOD93 regulates mitochondrial respiration and energy production in Arabidopsis, highlighting its role in nitrogen metabolism and plant development.

6 Dec 2024

Peat Bog Fungi as a Reservoir of Anti-Tuberculosis Compounds

An analysis of fungi collected from peat bogs has revealed several species that produce substances toxic to the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis in humans.

4 Dec 2024

New Light-Driven Biohybrid System Supports Precise Photoimmunotherapy

In a study published in Cell Reports Physical Science on Nov. 25, a research team led by Prof. CAI Lintao from the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported its development of an innovative intelligent light-guided biohybrid system, the CTPA/siCSF1R system, to target tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), thus enabling precise spatiotemporal siRNA delivery.

28 Nov 2024