Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disease and the leading genetic cause of death among infants and toddlers. Characterized by selective loss of nerve cells in the spinal cord, the disease leads to increasing muscular weakness and atrophy. Over time, patients afflicted by SMA continue to lose muscle control and strength, leading to progressive inability to walk, stand, sit up and breathe. It is estimated that approximately 1 in 6,000 to 1 in 10,000 infants are born annually worldwide with SMA.
The brain contains two types of cells. Glial cells receive less attention for their significance in the function and disease of the brain than other neurons.
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