Genomics

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Vienna researchers aim to solve a great mystery of human evolution

Using the latest scientific methods, Tom Higham and Katerina Douka from the University of Vienna want to solve a great mystery of human evolution: Why are we the only humans left? Higham and Douka were the first ones to find a first-generation offspring of two different types of human. They continuously publish new results in high impact journals, most recently in Science Advances.

3 Jun 2022

Study shows how genetic database offers strong implications for chimpanzee conservation

Chimpanzees live in the savannahs and forests of tropical Africa. In contrast to the hominid sites that have been preserved to this day—mostly in caves and temperate climates—chimpanzee habitats have produced few specimens that have been preserved or discovered in the archaeological record.

2 Jun 2022

Researchers conduct a comprehensive survey of the aging epigenome across the chromatin hierarchy

Highly structured chromatin encodes the program of life with only one set of genes in the core of every cell. Since various genes are stimulated at different periods of life while staying silent elsewhere, this is feasible. Some genes from a former life stage are hidden deep within the nuclear perimeter, while others manage to break out.

1 Jun 2022

Study reveals that gene variant regulates protein level to prevent blood clots in the lungs

The probability of blood clots in the lungs of very sick COVID-19 patients is influenced by a gene variant in the natural immune system. This is demonstrated in a new study published in Nature Immunology by researchers from Uppsala University and Karolinska Institutet.

1 Jun 2022

Research shows how current drugs impact bacterial physiology

Tuberculosis is a stubborn disease caused by even more stubborn bacteria. While many bacterial infections clear up within days of taking antibiotics, TB can take up to six months to clear up and, in some cases, never leave the human body. In 2020, it claimed 1.5 million lives, second only to COVID-19 in terms of infectious disease deaths.

1 Jun 2022

Study shows how gene related to Nascimento Syndrome activates the cell response to stress

According to a Duke University study, a gene linked to severe learning disabilities in humans also plays a critical role in cells’ response to environmental stress.

31 May 2022

Endogenous retroviruses in the human genome are likely to pose a risk in regenerative medicine

Scientists from Kumamoto University used next-generation sequencing to analyze human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) integration sites and found that these primitive retroviruses can retrotranspose (DNA sequence insertion with RNA mediation) into iPS cells.

31 May 2022

Fast-breeding sea urchin species may be a game changer in genetic research

Many people may not realize that the humble sea urchin is a titan when it comes to the study of biology. Now, researchers from Japan have discovered that sea urchins could help biological studies go further than ever before.

30 May 2022

Scientists develop powerful tools using CRISPR-Cas9 to repair genetic diseases

CRISPR has marked the beginning of a new era in genomic medicine. The popular CRISPR-Cas9 has generated plenty of potent methods for curing genetic diseases.

30 May 2022

Researchers analyze the first-ever effectively sequenced the Pompeiian human genome

A study released this week in Scientific Reports presents the first effectively sequenced human genome from a person who perished in Pompeii, Italy, after Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE. Only limited lengths of mitochondrial DNA from human and animal remains from Pompeii had previously been sequenced.

30 May 2022

Drugs used for myelodysplastic syndrome could potentially activate a sleeping oncogene

Hypomethylating agents (HMA) are currently used as a first-line treatment for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) - a group of disorders where there is insufficient production of healthy mature blood cells in the bone marrow - and increasingly in other diseases, but their mechanism of action remains unclear.

From National University of Singapore (NUS) 27 May 2022

CRISPR-CAS9 technique that allows scientists to alter the genetic code of living creatures

Scientists were able to modify the genetic code of living beings ten years ago thanks to a breakthrough technique called CRISPR-CAS9.

27 May 2022

Genetic testing advances help to uncover primary immune deficiency diseases

Infections caused by primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) can be persistent and life-threatening. More than 450 PIDs have been identified, yet diagnosing them quickly and accurately remains a difficulty.

27 May 2022

Researchers use gene-editing in tomatoes to boost vitamin D content

Researchers employed gene editing to switch off a specific component in the tomato plant’s DNA, which led to an increase in provitamin D3 in both the fruit and leaves. After that, UVB light was used to convert it to vitamin D3.

27 May 2022

DNA "fingerprints" help scientists to track the health and whereabouts of sea turtles

DNA "fingerprints" left behind by sea turtles offer scientists a simple, powerful way of tracking the health and whereabouts of these endangered animals, a key step forward in their conservation.

26 May 2022

A novel mechanism shared by mutations in varied genes could help treat neurological diseases

Researchers at Tel Aviv University, led by Prof. Illana Gozes from the Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry at the Sackler Faculty of Medicine and the Sagol School of Neuroscience, have unraveled a mechanism shared by mutations in the genes ADNP and SHANK3, which cause autism, schizophrenia, and other conditions.

25 May 2022

Maternal rhythms help to develop the suprachiasmatic nuclei’s “master clock”

According to a new study published May 24th, 2022, in the open-access journal PLOS Biology by Alena Sumová and coworkers of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Prague, genes within the fetus’s developing clock respond to rhythmic behavior in the mother during fetal development, first before the biological clock starts ticking on its own.

25 May 2022

Researchers take a deep dive into the genetic origins of mustelid physiological and behavioral range

Within the order Carnivora, Mustelids are the most ecologically and taxonomically varied family. They inhabit a range of natural niches, from the tayra in the tropics to the wolverine in the subarctic, and have developed species-specific features relating to their feeding, reproductive strategy, and shape.

25 May 2022

Researchers develop several new varieties of wheat that tolerate saline soils

Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed several new varieties of wheat that tolerate soils with higher salt concentrations.

23 May 2022

Research highlights a novel technique for cancer cells to repair DNA damage

Researchers at the University of Birmingham have identified a novel mechanism for cancer cells to repair DNA damage.

23 May 2022

Genomics

Vienna researchers aim to solve a great mystery of human evolution

Study shows how genetic database offers strong implications for chimpanzee conservation

Researchers conduct a comprehensive survey of the aging epigenome across the chromatin hierarchy

Study reveals that gene variant regulates protein level to prevent blood clots in the lungs

Research shows how current drugs impact bacterial physiology

Study shows how gene related to Nascimento Syndrome activates the cell response to stress

Endogenous retroviruses in the human genome are likely to pose a risk in regenerative medicine

Fast-breeding sea urchin species may be a game changer in genetic research

Scientists develop powerful tools using CRISPR-Cas9 to repair genetic diseases

Researchers analyze the first-ever effectively sequenced the Pompeiian human genome

Drugs used for myelodysplastic syndrome could potentially activate a sleeping oncogene

CRISPR-CAS9 technique that allows scientists to alter the genetic code of living creatures

Genetic testing advances help to uncover primary immune deficiency diseases

Researchers use gene-editing in tomatoes to boost vitamin D content

DNA "fingerprints" help scientists to track the health and whereabouts of sea turtles

A novel mechanism shared by mutations in varied genes could help treat neurological diseases

Maternal rhythms help to develop the suprachiasmatic nuclei’s “master clock”

Researchers take a deep dive into the genetic origins of mustelid physiological and behavioral range

Researchers develop several new varieties of wheat that tolerate saline soils

Research highlights a novel technique for cancer cells to repair DNA damage

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