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DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but a small amount of DNA can also be found in the mitochondria (where it is called mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA).

Protein Fragments Uncover New Extremophiles, Aiding Alien Life Search

Microorganisms with perfect adaptations can survive in harsh settings, such as deep-sea tunnels and mountain peaks.

18 Mar 2024

Students Work with Experts to Create a High-Quality Pear Genome Assembly

Pears are big business in the Pacific Northwest US. But did you know that traditional pear breeding has remained largely unchanged for centuries?

18 Mar 2024

DNA Origami Revolutionizes Cancer Immunotherapy: The DoriVac Breakthrough

Therapeutic cancer vaccines are a form of immunotherapy in the making that could not only destroy cancer cells in patients, but keep a cancer from coming back and spreading.

15 Mar 2024

Machine Learning Reveals Cancer-Causing DNA Repeats

It has been difficult to identify and characterize repeats of DNA sequences, also known as “junk DNA” or “dark matter,” that are found in chromosomes and may be involved in cancer or other diseases.

14 Mar 2024

Breakthrough: Transgenic Cow Produces Human Insulin in Milk

An unassuming brown bovine from the south of Brazil has made history as the first transgenic cow capable of producing human insulin in her milk.

14 Mar 2024

Investigating the Antibacterial Effects of T1-Spanin on Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

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13 Mar 2024

The Evolution of Plant Cell Analysis with RevGel-seq Technique

Plant cell analysis has been completely transformed by recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA), such as the recently created “RevGel-seq” technique.

13 Mar 2024

New CRISPR Method Allows Comprehensive Screening of Cancer Mutations

Tumors can carry mutations in hundreds of different genes, and each of those genes may be mutated in different ways -; some mutations simply replace one DNA nucleotide with another, while others insert or delete larger sections of DNA.

13 Mar 2024

Study Identifies Protein Key to Preserving Neuronal Identity

Epigenetic processes allow different cell types to emerge from a single genome. Throughout development, cells differentiate and acquire distinct characteristics by expressing the same genome in different ways.

13 Mar 2024

Small Genetic Element Identified as Key to Potato Industry's Production Problem

Researchers have discovered a game changer for the potato industry.

12 Mar 2024

Unraveling Cacao's Past: Ancient Trade Routes and Genetic Diversity Explored

The cacao tree (Theobroma cacao), whose beans (cocoa) are used to make products including chocolate, liquor and cocoa butter, may have spread from the Amazon basin to the other regions of South and Central America at least 5,000 years ago via trade routes, suggests a paper published in Scientific Reports.

11 Mar 2024

Breakthrough Study Reveals Key Mechanism in Passing Epigenetic Information During Cell Division

A research team led by Professor Yuanliang ZHAI at the School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong collaborating with Professor Ning GAO and Professor Qing LI from Peking University, as well as Professor Bik-Kwoon TYE from Cornell University, has recently made a significant breakthrough in understanding how the DNA copying machine helps pass on epigenetic information to maintain gene traits at each cell division.

11 Mar 2024

Multiresolution DNA Simulation in Viral Genome Packaging

Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign stated in the journal Nature that a computational model of the more than 26 million atoms in a DNA-packed viral capsid broadens the knowledge of virus structure and DNA dynamics, discoveries that potentially open up new research directions and therapeutic targets.

7 Mar 2024

‘Like a PCR Lab in Your Pocket': New Test Strips Raise Game in Gene-Based Diagnostics

Biosensing technology developed by UNSW engineers has made it possible to make portable RAT tests just as accurate as PCR tests carried out in a lab.

7 Mar 2024

First Whole Genome Sequencing of Male Breast Cancer Reveals Potential Treatment Targets

Male breast cancer has distinct alterations in the tumor genome that may suggest potential treatment targets, according to a study by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators.

5 Mar 2024

'lncREST' RNA Unveiled as Key Player in DNA Replication Stress Response

Researchers at Cima Universidad de Navarra have discovered that a ribonucleic acid that does not contain information to make proteins (long non-coding RNA) plays a crucial role in signalling and repairing errors in DNA replication during cell division.

5 Mar 2024

Protein RAD51 Acts as Guardian Against DNA Over-Replication

Every time a cell divides, its DNA is duplicated so that the two daughter cells have the same genetic material as their parent.

5 Mar 2024

New Research Supports Concept of "RNA World"

The Salk Institute’s most recent research offers new perspectives on the beginnings of life and strong evidence in favor of the RNA World theory.

5 Mar 2024

Researchers Identify Proteins to Reprogram Fibroblasts into Limb Progenitor Cells

In a collaborative study, researchers from Kyushu University and Harvard Medical School have identified proteins that can turn or "reprogram" fibroblasts -; the most commonly found cells in skin and connective tissue -; into cells with similar properties to limb progenitor cells.

5 Mar 2024

Evolutionary Mystery Identified in Genome of Plants

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) has enabled the significant advancement of plant genomics through its involvement in sequencing the first plant genome. Now, the same research laboratory hopes to address why introducing the same mutation in different crops does not always result in the desired traits.

5 Mar 2024