Cell Biology

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A missing link explains how class I molecules evolved from a class II-like origin Major Histocompatibility...

Which came first, MHC class I or MHC class II? For decades, it has been debated which of these two similar classes came first in evolution. Now, Keiichiro Hashimoto and his group at Fujita Health University, Japan, in collaboration with European research groups, have provided an answer to this question in a new article in PNAS.

14 Dec 2021

Study suggests dietary intake of flavan-3-ols could help prevent obesity

In cold conditions, brown adipose tissue (BAT) or brown fat generates heat to keep the body warm. Compared with white adipose tissue, BAT has more mitochondria-;subcellular organelles associated with energy production-;which allows it to burn calories and produce heat by activating the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp-1).

14 Dec 2021

Each person has their own unique “fingerprint” of protein activity, says study

A group of international scientists recently generated a new approach to identify the proteins in human cells that are crucial for increasing sugar absorption after exercise.

14 Dec 2021

Researchers identify toxic senescent cells in the brain as potential target for Alzheimer’s treatment

For the first time, scientists have identified a rare population of potentially toxic senescent cells in human brains that can serve as a target for a new Alzheimer's disease treatment.

13 Dec 2021

Infant's immune system may be better than the adult immune system

As any parent knows, infants are prone to getting respiratory infections. But a new study shows that the infant immune system is stronger than most people think and beats the adult immune system at fighting off new pathogens.

13 Dec 2021

High-risk lymphoma patients may receive durable benefit from axi-cel CAR T cell therapy

Three clinical studies led by researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center demonstrated enhanced responses for patients with high-risk lymphoma treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy.

13 Dec 2021

Genetic makeup of neuroblastoma shows marked spatial and temporal variability

Tumors are heterogeneous, which means that different parts of the same tumor can be genetically distinct. This phenomenon, known as intratumor heterogeneity, is steadily gaining in significance within the field of cancer research.

13 Dec 2021

New mechanism makes cells under stress conditions stop their polarized growth

The Oxidative Stress and Cell Cycle Research Group at UPF has discovered a mechanism whereby cells under stress conditions stop their polarized growth. The study, published in the journal Cell Reports, was led by Elena Hidalgo and José Ayté, and the first author is Clàudia Salat-Canela.

13 Dec 2021

Research offers alternative cell option for organs-on-chips

Organ-on-a-chip technology has provided a push to discover new drugs for a variety of rare and ignored diseases for which current models either don't exist or lack precision. In particular, these platforms can include the cells of a patient, thus resulting in patient-specific discovery.

13 Dec 2021

Study helps identify how immune system cells identify and eradicate tumors

In the last 10 years, immunotherapy has been used to save the lives of several cancer patients with lung cancer.

13 Dec 2021

Study shows how proteases help keep cells clean

Waste collectors collect and dispose of household waste. In cells, a similar process works to eliminate damaged and potentially hazardous proteins.

13 Dec 2021

Researchers regenerate cartilage using novel protein fragment

The existing methods for the regeneration of injured cartilage generate tissue that breaks down. This deterioration eventually leads to osteoarthritis—the commonly seen form of arthritis—affecting over 32.5 million grown-ups in the United States, as per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

13 Dec 2021

Experts grow novel cell lines in a chemically defined medium

Researchers for the first time acquired stem cells from livestock that was grown under chemically defined conditions.

13 Dec 2021

New classification method divides breast cancers into 12 distinct biological groups

Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center have taken a major step forward in melding two key methods for studying breast cancer: one by genetic analysis and the second by looking at the architecture of cells, or their pathology.

9 Dec 2021

Study identifies how embryonic cells detect stiffness in their environment

According to recent research by UCL scientists, cells in the developing embryo sense the stiffness of other cells surrounding them, a vital factor that makes them move together to form the skull and face.

From University College London 9 Dec 2021

Study uncovers mechanisms behind rupture and repair of the nuclear envelope

The nucleus present inside the cell is surrounded by the nuclear envelope—two layers of phospholipid membrane that obstructs the nucleus from mixing with other parts of the cell—safeguarding the cell’s DNA from outside damage.

9 Dec 2021

Immune cells utilize the body’s fat stores to combat infection, says study

A recent study carried out by the University of East Anglia and Quadram Institute shows how immune cells utilize the body’s fat stores to combat infection.

9 Dec 2021

High quality products for cultured meat research

AMSBIO has announced a new range of kits, media and reagents to assist in the development of cultured meat products - an exciting new area of food technology.

From AMS Biotechnology 9 Dec 2021

Single-cell spatial analysis may provide information about neoadjuvant therapy for triple-negative breast cancer

A next-generation technology that allows the study of protein expression at the single-cell level and the location of the cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) was feasible and provided information on the benefit of adding the immune checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab (Tecentriq) to chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment for patients with early high-risk and locally advanced triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), according to results presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, held December 7-10, 2021.

8 Dec 2021